Tool



April] 111, 19% J. Tom, SR 'zmws TOOL Filed Feb. 26. 1946 INVENTOR Ja m ram, 51-. BY @AJ/ ATTORN EY5 Patented Apr. 11, 1950 TOOL Joseph v130th, Sr., Fairfield, Conn.,. assignor, to, John. J. Toth; and J 0seph..To.th,, J.1:-,v Bridge ort,

Conn.

Application February 26, 1946, Serial No. 650,299

2: Claims.

. Thisinvention relates .to earth-workin tools; such as pickaxes and pick-liketoo1s of the type having heads, with removable; points or bits.

An, object of the. inventionis to provide an improved pick head and aremovable bit connected by a taper: andisocket, wherein jamming of the taper in. the socketislimited to suchas extent. that thebit. maybe: removed from the head with.- outv the use-of wedges. drift: pinsand the like.

. Another object-oi the inventionis'to provide a pickhead and: removable bit, as above; having-simple and eifjective: means bywhich spreading of the mouth of the socket is prevented.

A. further object of theinvention is to provide 2". pick head-and removable bit withthe above characteristicawhich is extremely simple in construetionand economical to manufacture. In accomplishing these objects there is provided. by the invention aztool having. anovel structure comprising a heactpartrand a, bit part, one of said-parts havingataper and the other part having in its. end asocketreceivingthe said taper. Thepart of thertool having. the taper has a shoulder or flange with an. axially projectingedgeportion, the said flange extending around the base of the taper and embracing and nesting the end of the socket to prevent the latter from spreading.

The flange is so located on the taper that it assumes a. substantial portion of the thrust force between the parts of the tool, thereby limiting the jamming oi the taper in thesocket and making possible removal of the bit part without resorting to wedge pins or th like.

i In one illustrated embodiment ofthe invention the taper and'socket have a substantially rectangular cross-section which thereby automatically prevents turning of the bit part whilev supported. on the head part. In another embodiment of theinvention the taper and. socket are of circular cross-section, and the. endlof the taper, which. is on the bit, is bifurcated ,toaccommodate apin which extends transversely. across the bottom; of the socket in the head, and. is anchored to the -.latter. In this construction, the positioning of jtheqpointor bit is maintained-by engagement oi the-pin-with the bifurcated. end'of the taper.

Qther features and advantages will hereinafter appear. y

In the I accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a side view' of a pick structure made in acco-rdancewith theinventi'on, part ofthe structure being shown in section.

L Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1.

2, Fig. 3.is.-a. sectiontaken on the line 3H3. of; Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is va..fragrnentarvside view of a modified pickstructure made in. accordance with the. .In.- vention, aportionpf the structure. beingshown in section. v

Fig. 5 is asection-taken on the. line 5.-5- of his. 4.

Fig. 6 is a. section takemon the linev 6.6. ot Fig.4.

.Fi '7: is assideview. of atampingbit made inaccordancewith-the invention, and

Fig. 8. is a. fragmentary View, enlarged, of the taper and. socket connection between the head. and bit of the pick structure: of. Fig. 1.

Referring toFigs. 1,2 and. 3, the pickstructuro illustrated.comprisesa head Illhaving a; pair, ofarms H and having, intermediate the. arms a socket]? for receiving a handle. Thev arms it are provided with tapered recesses; or sockets 13 which. extend inwardly from the endsof the arms, toward :the. handle-receiving. socket l2.

Removablvcarriedtbythe arms. H are points or, bits M, having shanks. or tapers; iii. which. extend. and lit into thetaperedsocketsl3 so as tosup port thebits. M in operative position.

As shown in. Figs. .2 and 3.,v the tapersv l5. may be substantially.rectangular in cross-section, well. as the sockets l3, opposite sides l6 of the, tapers and sockets being rounded substantially to. facilitate. their fabrication.

According to. the present invention the arms. llv and bits. Mare so constructed and arranged that the ends of the arms are prevented: from spreading during use of the. .tool,- and jamming of the tapers lSislimited. so that the bits Il. may be removed from the. arms without the use of.- drift pins. Wedges-,and. the like. Accordingly, the. bits 14. are provided. with shoulders or flanges. -I 1. extendingaround th base portions of the tapers t5; the said flanges-having peripheral oredge portions l8 which. project axially in the directionof the tapers,v thus providingan annular groove in the. face of-each .ofythe flanges ll.

As shewnthe. sroovein the flange H-mayabe concave; that. is; the, face of the flange may-pree sentla concave annular surface to the; end I 92 of thearxn it. .Preferablythe arm end l9: is-formed with aconvex surface-so that it embraces'andt nests within the flange I1 of the bit M.

Also,.theflange: l l: is-"so. located, with respect .to thetap'er t5, that' thef flange assumes a substantiali' part of the thrust load or' force existing bee tween the bit 1'4 and the arm I l during use of the tool.

As a result of this construction, the flange l1 effectively prevents the end I 9 of the arm I I from spreading, and also effectively limits the amount of jamming of the taper 15 in the socket 13. Consequently, when it is desired to remove a bit 14 for replacement or sharpening etc., this may be easily and quickly done without restoring to such devices as drift pins, wedges, or the like, which devices were heretofore required in tools of this character. During attachment of a bit I4 to an arm II, the flange I! of the bit engages the end l9 of the arm only after a small amount of jam--'- place, and thereafter, further jamming of the,

taper is prevented, since the flange assumes a very substantial part of the thrust load of the bit.

Ordinarily, when it is desired to remove a bit l4 from an arm H, a few sharp lateral raps or blows on the bit will serve to loosen it sufliciently so that it may be withdrawn from the arm by a moderate pull.

Due to the substantially rectangular crosssection of the taper l5 and the socket l3, the bit 14 is prevented from turning or otherwise shifting out of its working position.

It will be noted that spreading of the end 19 of the arm H is prevented without resorting to thickening of the end portion, and therefore not only. is a saving effected in the amount of material used, but the operations of fabricating the head I are simplified and made less costly. Also, the wedging action of the taper l5, which action tends to spread the arm end I9, is reduced considerably due to the jamming of the taper being limited by the flange l'l assuming much of the thrust load. As a result, the edge portion [8 of the flange l1 adequately controls and opposes any tendency which the end 19 of the arm may have, to spread.

A modification of the invention is shown in Figs. 4, and 6. Referring to Fig. 4, the pick head 20 has a handle-receiving socket 2| and arms 22 one of which is shown as having a tapered socket 23 extending from the end 24 of the arm inwardly toward the handle-receiving socket 2|. The tapered socket 23 is of circular cross-section, as shown in Fig. 5, and receives a taper 25 also of circular cross-section, the taper having a pointed bit 26.

Around the base of the taper 25 the bit 26 has a circular flange 21 having an edge portion 28 which projects axially in the direction of the taper 25.

Preferably the face of the flange 21 is made concave, so as to form an annular groove in the flange. The end 24 of the arm 22 is provided with a convex end portion which fits and nests into the flange 21, and the latter is so located with respect to the taper 25 that, as mentioned above, the flange assumes a substantial part of the thrust load transmitted by he bit 26.

For the purpose of preventing the bit 26 from turning out of its operative position, the arm 22 is provided with a pin 29 extending transversely across the bottom of the socket 23 and anchored in the arm, and the end of the taper 25 is bifurcated to accommodate the pin 29. Thus, engagement of the bifurcated portion of the taper with the pin 29 prevents turning of the bit.

- Removal of the bit 26 from the arm 22 is accomplished in a manner similar to that already described in connection with Figs. 1, 2 and 3, a.

head 20, the bit 30 having a taper 3| and flange 32 similar to the taper and flange of the bit 26.

I Variations and modifications may be made within the scope of this invention and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

I claim: 1. In a pick structure or the like, a head part;

and a bit part attachable to and removable from the head part, one of said parts at its end having a tapered socket having a convex end surface thei'earo-und and the other part having a taper portion extending into the said socket, the part with the taper portion having, complete- 1y around the base of the taper portion, a flange having an outer edge portion projecting axially in the direction of the taper portion and an inner edge merging with said taper portion, the said flange embracing and nesting the end of the socket and holding the end against spreading.

2. In a pick structure or the like, a head having a tapered bore extending inwardly from one end; and a pick point attachable to and removable from the head, said point having a taper portion extending into the bore of the head, and having a flange completely around the base of the taper portion, the said flange having a concave surfaoe merging with the taper portion and embrac ing the end of the head, and the said end of the head around the socket having a convex surface nesting in the flange and being held by the latter against spreading, the location of the flange being such that 'it assumes a substantial part of the thrust to which the pick point is sub jected, and, limits jamming of the said taper portion.

JOSEPH TOTH, SR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 266,057 Sheneman Oct. 17, 1882 285,804 Ferguson et al Oct. 2, 1883 286,815 Herron Oct. 16, 1883 608,716 Rubenstein Aug. 9, 1898 682,144 Higgins Sept. 3, 1901 817,512 Palmer Apr. 10, 1906 982,832 Kuhn Jan. 31, 1911 983,859 Gottvald Feb. 7, 1911 1,244,662 I Thompson Oct. 30, 1917 1,262,870 Thompson Apr. 16, 1918 1,411,919 Kovacevich Apr. 4, 1922 1,419,787 Watt June 13, 1922 1,595,112 Mentzer Aug. 10, 1926 2,104,250 Williams Jan. 4, 1938 2,265,580 Serge Dec. 9, 1941 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date France Apr. 16, 1934 

